Long Bone - Gross anatomy
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What are the features of a long bone?
Epiphysis - Top and bottom part of the bone Diaphysis - Shaft Metaphysis - between Epi and Diaphysis, eventually goes away and become the epiphyseal line Epiphyseal line - between the spongy bone Spongy bone Periosteum - outer layer compact bone Medullary Cavity Yellow bone marrow Articular cartilage Nutrient Foramen
Where is the Epiphysis located?
It is located in the proximal and distal ends of a long bone. It is made of spongy bone which is covered in a layer of compact bone.
What is the shaft of the bone also known as?
The diaphysis.
What is the name of the surface where the bones touch?
There is a thin layer of articular cartilage where the bone joints “articulate”.
What is the double white, thin layer covering the surface of the bone?
The periosteum.
What is the thin line found in the spongy bone part of a long bone?
The epiphyseal line.
Define the Diaphysis
The Diaphsyis is a long cylindrical main shaft of the long bone. It is formed by compact bone overlying spongy bone. The central part contains the medullary cavity.
Define the Epiphysis
The Epiphysis is the rounded parts located at the proximal and distal ends of the long bone. Its filled with spongy trabecular bone containing red bone marrow. The exterior is compact bone to protect the spongy tissue underneath.
Define the Metaphyses
The Metaphyses are the regions of the bone found between the diaphysis and epiphysis. Its found during growth, when it stops in early adulthood, it’s replaced with the epiphyseal line.
Define the Peristoeum.
The Peristoeum is the fibrous membrane that covers the exterior of each bone. It has 2 layers - an outer fibrous layer and an osteogenic layer.