Topic 1 - Key Concepts In Biology
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What does a microscope do?
Makes small objects appear larger/magnifies small objects
What part of a microscope do you look through?
eyepiece lens
Which part of a microscope do you use to get a clear image?
the focusing wheel
If an average height person in Year 10 is magnified 600 times, how tall will they be compared to the tallest building in the world, which is 828 m tall?
about the same height; the Burj Khalifa, Dubai is 828 m tall
Put these in order of size, biggest first: atom, animal cell, cell nucleus, muscle tissue, protein molecule, water molecule
muscle tissue, animal cell, cell nucleus, protein molecule, water molecule, atom
A microscope has a ×5 eyepiece lens and a ×5 objective lens. What is the total magnification?
25; 5 × 5 = 25
A human hair has a width of 100 μm but appears 20 mm wide in a photo. What magnification is the photo?
×200; 20 mm = 20 000 μm; 20 000 ÷ 100 = 200
How many millimetres are there in a metre?
1000
What unit is 1000 times smaller than a millimetre?
micrometre, μm
What is the unit symbol for a nanometre?
nm
What is an estimation?
an approximate value
Name one part you could find in a plant cell but not an animal cell.
cell wall, chloroplasts, permanent vacuole
What process happens in a mitochondrion?
aerobic respiration
What is one function of a plant cell’s permanent vacuole?
to help keep the cell rigid/to store substances
In which part of a plant cell is cell sap stored?
vacuole
In which part of a cell would you find chromosomes?
Nucleus
When you look down a microscope, what is the area that you see called?
field of view
Why can an electron microscope detect smaller structures in cells than a light microscope?
it has better magnification and better resolution
What is a picture taken with a microscope called?
micrograph
Some microscope pictures have a small line drawn on them with information about how long the line is when unmagnified. What is this line called?
scale bar
List three sub-cellular structures that are usually found in animal cells.
any three from: cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria,
List three sub-cellular structures found in plant cells but not in animal cells.
large permanent vacuole, chloroplasts, cell wall
Which cell structure controls what enters and leaves the cell?
cell membrane
Which cell structure controls how the cell works?
nucleus