Carboxylic acids and Acyl chlorides Module 6
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What’s the functional group of a carboxylic acid and how do you name them?
COOH (at the end of the molecule), have “oic acid” at the end
What type of acid are carboxylic acids and what does this mean?
They are weak acids, so dissociate into C double bonded to O, and single bonded to a negative O, and a H+ ion
Why are carboxylic acids very soluble in water?
They can hydrogen bond with the water
What’s produced when you react a carboxylic acid with a reactive metal?
Salt and hydrogen H from OH reacts Salt will have stem of metal, then oate, eg sodium ethanoate
What’s produced when you react a carboxylic acid with carbonates?
Salt, carbon dioxide and water H from OH reacts Salt has stem from metal, then oate, eg. sodium ethanoate
What’s produced when you react a carboxylic acid with bases?
Salt + water
What is an acyl chloride, and how do you name them?
Same as carboxylic acid, except replace the OH group with a Cl, name them by putting at the end “oyl chloride”
How do you make an acyl chloride?
React a carboxylic acid with SOCl2, to produce an acyl chloride, SO2 and HCl
What happens when acyl chlorides react with cold water?
Produce a carboxylic acid and HCl
What happens when acyl chlorides react with alcohols?
Produce an ester and HCl
What happens when acyl chlorides react with Ammonia?
Primary amide and HCl
What happens when acyl chlorides react with amines?
Secondary amide and HCl
What type of reaction are all the reaction with acyl chloride?
Nucleophillic addition-elimination All reactions are with the chlorine
What happens when acyl chlorides react with phenol?
An ester and HCl Reversible reaction