final
暂无描述。系统推荐的高质量记忆内容，适合每天坚持背诵学习。
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what are the reactants in an anti dihydroxylation
MCPBA and acid
what happens in syn dihydroxylation
two OH groups are added in a syn confirmation on an alkene
what is the most stable alkene
a tetrasubstituted alkene
what happens in a hydration reaction
an H and OH are added to an alkene in a
what makes a good leaving group
a weak base or stable ion
what happens in an E2 reaction
a tertiary alkyl halide has its X replaced with an H to form an alkene
when you enantiomers be formed in any addition reaction
when the reactant is chiral
what effects the reaction rate of an SN2
a more branched alkyl group will slow down the reaction
what happens in hydrogenation
two H groups are added in a syn confirmation to an alkene
what happens in an SN1 reaction
a 2’ or 3’ alkane with a leaving group is substituted with a neutral protic solvent
if there are two leaving groups on two separate carbons in an SN2 reaction, which one will get the nucleophile
the most basic leaving group or the least hindered carbon
what is a lewis base? acid?
a lewis base is an electron donor a lewis acid is an electron acceptor
zaitzevs rule
in a E2 reaction, unhindered bases (OH) form the most stable (most C-C bonded) alkene
what reactions will produce a racemic mixture
all addition reactions
how to determine R or S chirality
• go long the chains until you find the chain with the first point of difference with the highest atomic number • rank the chains • if the 4 ranked group isn’t in the back, then the order is reversed
when is a lewis acid not a bronsted acid
when there is a stable atom with three bonds or a positive carbon
when will a carbocation rearrangement occur
when there is the carbocation has fewer C-C bonds than its neighbor, the neighbor will donate a methyl or hydride to stabilize the charge on a more substituted atom
what happens to the configuration of atoms in an SN2 reaction
the new groups will be inverted from the original configuration
how is the most acidic hydrogen determined (4)
• look for the most electronegative atom • look for resonance • look for induction • sp is more acidic than sp2 is more than sp3
what is needed for an E2 reaction
• an alkyl halide or alkane with a leaving group - a strong or a non-nucleophilic base
what are the reagents in a hydrogenation
Pd, Pt, Ni, or Rh always with H2
what is the reagents in hydrohalogenation
HCl, HI, or HBr
hoffmans rule
in an E2 reaction, the more hindered bases (KOtBu) form the least stable (least C-C bonded) alkene
markovnikovs rule
the carbon with the most hydrogen gets the carbon