Nervous system

Central and Peripheral NS

Brain and spinal cord

Controls somatic and autonomic NS

Self-regulatory and involuntary control over internal muscles, organs and glands. Parasympathetic and Sympathetic

Control of voluntary muscle movements, contains sensory neurons, motor neurons and reflex arc.

To detect, interpret, and coordinate a response to stimuli (both external and internal)

mechanoreceptors, chemoreceptors, photoreceptors, thermoreceptors, nociceptors

Pressure, touch, vibration

Chemicals (taste and smell)

Light

Temperature changes

Pain

Fight/flight/freeze

Rest and digest

Activates bodily functions responsible for the flight/flight response

Speed up heart rate Delivers more blood to areas which need oxygen more and less to areas that need it less dilated pupils sweating increased breathing rate airways expand for more breathing

Maintains homeostasis, conserves energy

Decrease in heart rate increase digestion decrease blood flow to stress response organs

Receptor senses stimulus Sensor and inter neurons transmits signal up the PNS to the CNS Integration centre decodes the signal Motor neurons send directions back to the site of the stimulus Effector cells respond by controlling or secreting

The main part of the neuron, all the normal cell function occur here. The nucleus is the Soma

Receive incoming messages from the previous neuron

The fibre that carries the message away from the Soma

Insulates the neuron, ensuring the message stays within the neuron and travels quickly

Thew microscopic gap between the neuron over which the neurotransmitter pass to stimulate the next neuron.