UNIT II_ANIMAL CELL AND TISSUES
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He was a 17th-century “natural philosopher” - looked at a cork through a microscope lens - He discovered the cells
Robert Hooke
Who are the Proponents of Cell Theory?
• Matthias Jakob Schleiden • Theodor Schwann • Rudolf Ludwig Carl Virchow
He was a German botanist and stated that all plants are composed of cells.
Matthias Jakob Schleiden
He was a German physician and physiologist - cell is the basic unit of animal structure
Theodor Schwann
He was a German physician - Father of Modern Pathology
Rudolf Ludwig Carl Virchow
He stated that cells arise from pre-existing cells - said that diseases occur at the cellular level
Rudolf Ludwig Carl Virchow
The Cell Theory states that:
• All living organisms are composed of cells. • They may be unicellular or multicellular. • The cell is the basic unit of life. • Cells arise from pre-existing cells.
The smallest unit of life that is capable of replication and can function independently - building blocks of life
Cell
What are the general features of cell?
• Semi-permeable membrane (cell membrane) • Semi-fluid matrix (cytoplasm) • Genetic material (nucleus)
All organisms except ___ are cellular
Viruses
A type of cell that possess no membrane-bound organelles is called?
Prokaryotic Cells
The genetic material is present is present in the nuclear region in the cytoplasm called the?
nucleoid
Where is the DNA of a prokaryotic cell found?
found in direct contact with the cytoplasm
What type of cells first evolve when life came into existence on earth
Prokaryotic cells
What domains of life are prokaryotes?
• Bacteria 2. Archaea
What type of cell possess a membrane-bound nucleus?
Eukaryotic cells
Eukaryotes comprised all the life kingdoms except?
Monera
Hair-like structures on the surface of the cell that attach to other bacterial cells
Pili/Pilus
It is an additional outer covering that protects the cell when it is engulfed by other organisms - retains moisture - adhere to surfaces and nutrients
Capsule
Outer covering of most cells that protects the bacterial cell and gives it shape
Cell Wall
It surrounds the cell’s cytoplasm and regulates the flow of substances in and out of the cell
Cell Membrane/Plasma Membrane
These are gene carrying, circular DNA structures - not involved in reproduction
Plasmids
It is a long, whip-like protrusion that aids in cellular locomotion
Flagella
Cell structures responsible for protein production
Ribosomes