C1.2 - Atomic Structure
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What is an atom?
The smallest particle of an element that still has its chemical properties.
What is a molecule?
Two or more non-metal atoms chemically joined together by covalent bonds.
What is the bond length?
The distance between the centres of two atoms that are chemically joined together.
What are the names of the three subatomic particles inside an atom and where are they?
• Protons, neutrons - Joined together as the nucleus at the centre. • Electrons - Surrounding the nucleus occupying fixed energy levels.
Recall the subatomic particle table.
• Proton, +1, 1 • Neutron, 0, 1 • Electron, -1, 0.0005
What is the atomic number of an element?
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
What is the mass number of an element?
The number of protons and neutrons contained within the nucleus.
What are isotopes of an element?
• Isotopes contain the same number of protons but different number of neutrons. • Same atomic number, different mass number.
What are ions?
• Ions are charged particles. • Formed when atoms or groups of atoms, lose or gain electrons.