Quest I
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The constant, random motion of molecules is called
Molecular motion
the diffusion of water specifically is
osmosis
What regulates materials that come into and out of a cell
The cell memebrane
What are 2 words that best describe the cell membrane
Selectively permeable
What are the substances dissolved in a solevent
Solutes
A _____ is a mixture of evenly dispersed substances
Solution
______ are proteins found within the cell membrane that help transport large molecules into and out of cells
Carrier protiens
___ is a type of active transport that moves liquid into a cell
Penocytosis
The state of _____ is the ultimate outcome of diffusion
Equilibrium
What are the two main main differences between diffusion and active transport
• ) Active transport expends energy from the cell while diffusion does not • ) Since diffusion is a type of passive transport, the concentration gradient moves downward while active transport’s concentration gradient moves upwards
What is passive transport?
Substances crossing the cell membrane without using energy
what are 2 examples of passive transport
Diffusion plasmolysis
what is concentration gradient
The difference in the concentration of molecules across a distance
How does concentration gradient affect passive transport
concentration gradient is what helps substances move without energy. ( which is passive transport
Semipermeable
It only lets certain subtances pass
Hypotonic
The concentration of waterOUTSIDE the cell is bigger than inside The concentration of soluteINSIDE the cell is bigger than outside
Hypertonic
The concentration of water INSIDE the cell is bigger than outside The concentration of solute OUTSIDE is bigger than inside
Isotonic
When the concentration of solutes outside and inside the cell are =, and the water inside and outside the cell is=
How do charged particles pass through the cell membrane
Active Transport
Active transport
Substances crossing the cell membrane that need the use of energy
Diffusion
The simplest type of passive transport. the movement of molecules from a higher concentration to a lower one
Concentration gradient
the difference in the concentration of molecules across a distance
The ____ of ______ depends on the relative concentration of solutes (solids)
Net direction Osmosis
Contractile vacuoles
specialized organelles that remove excess water by pumping it out (requires energy