lecture 2 - RNA

-RNA has ribose, DNA has deoxyribose -RNA is single stranded, DNA is double stranded -RNA has uracil not thymine

-RNA is more unstable -because RNA has a ribose instead of deoxyribose an ribose is more unstable -ribose has a phosphate on carbon 5 but the carbon 2 has a hydroxyl group whereas deoxyribose has a phosphate on carbon 5 and a hydrogen attached to carbon 2

-RNA is in the nucleus for less time

-ribose -phosphate group -nitrogenous bases - adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil

-RNA is single stranded -uracil replaces thymine in RNA -RNA sequence comes from its DNA -RNA carries genetic information -RNA is always shorter than DNA -RNA can form hairpin structures -RNA is less stable than DNA but you still require it to have a degree of stability so that it can carry out its function in the nucleus or within the cytoplasm of the cell -so in order to give it some longevity the RNA forms hairpin structures so this allows it to be able to function within the eukaryotic cell

-it is the RNA that is made during transcription -can be very long -single stranded -the stability is through the complex domains, allowing this RNA transcript to remain in the nucleus allowing it to be transported and translated during RNA processing -mRNA can be very long it depends on the size of the gene that the RNA transcript has been made from -has 4 domains

-each one is important in keeping the stability of the RNA -increasing the longevity of it -the shorter the RNA transcript the smaller the domains, the less time the RNA will remain in the nucleus before it is degraded

-important in bringing the amino acids towards the ribosome during translation -has several loops -the acceptor stem is where the amino acid will bind which is coded for by the anticodon -single stranded molecule, stability of tRNA especially when moving through into the cytoplasm is through pailing of the stem between the loops