D.O.D #9 - Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
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oliguric
low urine output/not peeing very much
anorexic malaised
loss of appetite
why is this patient nauseated
from waste build up
post-op ICU
after operation in intensive care unit
splenectomy
procedure that partially or completely removes the spleen
IV
intravenous
bilateral lower extremity edema
build up of fluid under tissue (bloating) in both legs
PKD
polycystic kidney disease (multiple fluid filled cysts growing on the kidney)
S/G
sonogram
creatinine
nitrogenous waste excreted in urine (sign of kidney disease; not filtering/not working)
urea
major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine (kidney’s aren’t working right; waste that the kidney’s help to filter away
ARF
acute renal failure
AKI
acute kidney injury
edema
bloating
what is the best way to diagnose PKD
with an ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI
do genetic diseases always take affect at birth?
no, genetic diseases do not always take affect at birth
why did ARF change to AKI
to reflect that a decline in kidney function doesn’t always mean organ failure
how fast does AKI develop?
rapidly over a few hours to days
what does creatine and urea increase lead to?
fluid and electrolyte disorder
causes of AKI
• a sudden dramatic drop in blood flow to kidney • sepsis (an overwhelming infection; one of most common cause of AKI), -> leads to reduced blood pressure -> decreases blood flow • while means decreased blood flow; BF slows -> kidney areas have inadequate blood supply, which leads to cell death • Nephrotic drugs • Sudden blockage that stops urine from flowing out the kidneys
what type of pt. is at a high risk for AKI?
pt. w/ heart failure, liver disease, diabetes, or history of AKI
3 types of AKI
Prerenal injury, Renal (intrinsic) injury, and Postrenal injury
Prerenal Injury
occurs before the blood enters the kidney; kidney does not receive enough blood to filter
Renal (intrinsic) injury:
diseases or injury affecting the kidney itself