Muscle 1

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

How are skeletal muscle fibres created?

Back (Answer)

In utero by myoblasts

Front (Question)

What are muscles?

Back (Answer)

Bundles of fibres encased in connective tissue sheaths

Front (Question)

What do satellite cells do?

Back (Answer)

Replace cells after injury

Front (Question)

What is a sarcomere?

Back (Answer)

The basic unit of striated muscle tissue

Front (Question)

After an action potential has been fired in the muscle, calcium ions are released from the

Back (Answer)

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Front (Question)

What do calcium ions bind to?

Back (Answer)

Troponin on the actin filament

Front (Question)

What is a skeletal muscle cell

Back (Answer)

A multinucleate muscle fibre

Front (Question)

Describe the growth and repair of skeletal muscle

Back (Answer)

They are formed in utero by mononucleate myoblasts Their fibre size increases during growth Myoblasts do not replace cells if damaged Instead satellite cells replace cells after injury

Front (Question)

What do tendons do?

Back (Answer)

Attach muscle to bone

#10

Front (Question)

Why do muscle fibres undergo hypertrophy?

Back (Answer)

To compensate when muscle fibres are injured

#11

Front (Question)

What is meant by hypertrophy?

Back (Answer)

Increase in size of skeletal muscle

#12

Front (Question)

Describe what happens during muscle contraction?

Back (Answer)

Calcium ions released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum bind to troponin This moves tropomyosin Myosin (with its ADP + Pi) can then bind to the actin filament Myosin then unbinds ADP + Pi ATP then binds to myosin and myosin unbinds from the actin filament

#13

Front (Question)

Describe what happens to the length of different components during muscle contraction?

Back (Answer)

Muscle shortens Sarcomere shortens Myosin stays the same length Space between myosin filaments decreases Space between actin filaments decrease

#14

Front (Question)

What does tropomyosin do?

Back (Answer)

Partially covers myosin binding sites on actin, held in blocking position by troponin

#15

Front (Question)

What is the motor unit?

Back (Answer)

Motor neurons + muscle fibres

#16

Front (Question)

State what is meant by tension

Back (Answer)

Force exerted by muscle

#17

Front (Question)

State what is meant by load

Back (Answer)

Force exerted on muscle

#18

Front (Question)

Define an isometric twitch

Back (Answer)

Contraction with constant length (e.g. weightlifting)

#19

Front (Question)

Define an isotonic twitch

Back (Answer)

Contraction with shortening length (e.g running)

#20

Front (Question)

Lengthening means

Back (Answer)

Contraction with increasing length

#21

Front (Question)

What causes a twitch?

Back (Answer)

A single action potential sent to a muscle fibre

#22

Front (Question)

What is contraction time dependent on?

Back (Answer)

Calcium ion concentration

#23

Front (Question)

What is the latent period?

Back (Answer)

The time before the excitation contraction starts

#24

Front (Question)

Describe the latent period and contraction event of isometric contraction?

Back (Answer)

Shorter latent period Longer contraction event