2.2,3.3.2 Classify, Function Unsatisfactory
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What is the classification of Protein?
Macronutrient Proteins are essential macronutrients that play various roles in the body.
What are the two types of protein based on biological value?
High biological value (HBV) and low biological value (LBV) HBV proteins contain all essential amino acids, while LBV proteins lack one or more.
Provide examples of High Biological Value (HBV) proteins.
• Eggs • Butter • Ricotta • Parmesan • Milk HBV proteins are typically derived from animal sources.
Provide examples of Low Biological Value (LBV) proteins.
• Cannellini beans • Kidneys beans LBV proteins are often plant-based and may lack some essential amino acids.
What is one function of protein in the body?
Helps body grow and repairs damaged cells such as muscle cells Proteins are crucial for muscle repair and growth.
What is a secondary function of protein?
Source of energy While not the primary function, proteins can be used for energy when carbohydrates and fats are insufficient.
What are the consequences of protein deficiency?
• Slow physical development in children • Digestive problems • Malfunction of liver • Weakening of muscles • Kwashiorkor • Oedema, fluid build-up Kwashiorkor is a severe form of malnutrition caused by protein deficiency.
What are the effects of excess protein intake?
• Strain on liver and kidneys • Weight gain • Constipation • Dehydration • Increased risk of heart disease • Increased risk of kidney disease Excess protein can lead to various health issues, especially for those with pre-existing kidney conditions.
What is the classification of Fat?
Macronutrient Fats are essential macronutrients that provide energy and support various bodily functions.
What are the two types of fat?
Saturated and unsaturated Saturated fats are typically solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fats are usually liquid.
Provide examples of saturated fats.
• Ricotta • Parmesan • Butter • Dark chocolate • Whole milk Saturated fats are often found in animal products.
Provide examples of unsaturated fats.
• Olive oil • Vegetable oil Unsaturated fats are generally considered healthier fats.
What is one function of fat in the body?
Forms protective layer around organs Fats help to cushion and protect vital organs.
What is another function of fat?
Provides insulation Fats help to maintain body temperature by providing insulation.
What do fats provide that are essential for health?
• Fat soluble vitamins • Essential fatty acids Fat-soluble vitamins include A, D, E, and K, which require fat for absorption.
What are the consequences of fat deficiency?
• Dry rashes • Hair loss • Brittle nails • Weakened immune system • Vitamin deficiencies Insufficient fat intake can lead to various health issues, particularly related to skin and immune health.
What are the effects of excess fat intake?
• Weight gain • Obesity • High blood pressure • High blood cholesterol • Increased risk of heart disease • Increased risk of some cancers Excessive fat intake, particularly saturated fats, may lead to severe health issues.
What is a carbohydrate?
A macronutrient that serves as a primary source of energy.
What are the two types of carbohydrates?
Starchy and simple.
Give examples of starchy carbohydrates.
Bread, bun, ravioli, pastry, sweet potato.
Give examples of simple carbohydrates.
Hazelnut praline, dark chocolate.
What are the benefits of carbohydrates?
They provide energy, act as an energy reservoir, and provide fiber.
What are some symptoms of carbohydrate deficiency?
Hunger, headaches, fatigue, weakness, nausea, constipation, vitamin and mineral deficiencies.
What is dietary fiber?
A type of carbohydrate that helps keep the digestive system healthy and aids in passing waste.