Conservation Of Biodiversity 2
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Name a species of tree that is found in a broadleaf temperate woodland.
Oak, ash, beech
Why are broadleaf temperature woodlands described as temperate?
No major temperature extremes
Why are broadleaf temperature woodlands described as having seasonality?
They have 4 distinct seasons.
What is a key characteristic of broadleaf temperate woodlands in Spring?
They have woodland floor plants (e.g. bluebells) due to light reaching the floor.
What is a key characteristic of broadleaf temperate woodlands in Summer?
They have a thick tree canopy so the floor is shaded.
What is a key characteristic of broadleaf temperate woodlands in Autumn?
The trees lose their leaves as they are deciduous species.
What is a key characteristic of broadleaf temperate woodlands in Winter?
There is a lack of food for animals so many hibernate or hide food to prepare for Winter.
Give 3 reasons why broadleaf temperate woodlands are important.
• High biodiversity • Provide resources • Used for recreation • Carbon sequestration • Important for the hydrological cycle
Give 2 reasons why broadleaf temperate woodlands are deforested.
• Agriculture • Urban development • Mining projects
Deforestation of broadleaf temperature woodlands can lead to…
Habitat fragmentation
Why should we not replace broadleaf temperate woodlands with monocultures of conifers?
• Not indigenous so don’t provide breeding sites or food for other species. • They grow faster so can outcompete indigenous trees.
State 2 ways broadleaf temperate woodlands can be managed.
Coppicing and pollarding
What should we plant in new broadleaf temperate woodlands?
A mix of indigenous trees E.g. oak, beech and ash
Name 3 legal protections of broadleaf temperate woodlands.
• Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 • Legal designation e.g. SSSI • Legal protection of ancient woodlands
Most tropical rainforests are equatorial. Give 2 impact of this.
• High light levels due to solar insolation. • No seasonal variation. • This leads to high rates of photosynthesis.
Why do tropical rainforests have high humidity levels?
Due to warm temperatures and high rainfall.
Name 3 resources tropical rainforests can provide?
Wood, fibres, medicines
Why are new medicines often discovered in tropical rainforests?
Due to high levels of biodiversity with lots of animals having defence mechanisms.
How do tropical rainforests control soil erosion?
High vegetation levels, so lots of roots to stabilise soil.
Give 3 reasons why tropical rainforests are being deforested.
• Agriculture • Timber for construction • Fuelwood • Mineral extraction • Human made reservoir creation
Why are species in tropical rainforests at risk due to global climate change?
They have evolved in a consistent climate, so have a narrow range of tolerance, so are less able to adapt to environmental change.
What does the ITTO stand for?
International Tropical Timber Organisation
How does the ITTO aim to minimise deforestation?
Quotas
What is a Debt for Nature Swap?
Countries can write off (not pay) a debt in return for protecting their rainforests.