D1 - Structure of the Cardiovascular system

• heart • vessels • blood

• a circulatory network

• underneath the sternum

• to drive blood through the vessels in order to deliver it to the tissues and working muscles

• a twin layered sac called the pericardium

• pericardial fluid • prevents friction as the heart beats

• septum (separating left and right sides of the heart) • endocardium (on the inside of the heart walls) • epidcardium (outer layer) • myocardium (thick muscle)

• superior & inferior vena cava • right atrium • tricuspid valve • right ventricle • pulmonary semi lunar valve • left & right pulmonary arteries • left & right pulmonary veins • left atrium • bicuspid valve • left ventricle • aortic semi lunar valve • aorta

• two separate pumps • 1 pump = 2 chambers on the right • 2 pump = 2 chambers on the left • chambers on the right supply low pressured blood to the lungs via pulmonary veins • low pressured to the lungs (right) • high pressured to the body (left)

• between heart and lungs

• between heart and rest of the body • muscles tissues and organs

• supply the heart with blood so it is able to pump • on the heart itself

• upper chambers of the heart • right receives deoxygenated • left receives oxygenated • they receive blood from other parts of the body

• pumping chambers • thicker walls • right pumps to pulmonary

• it allows blood flow in one direction only • between left atrium and ventricle

• it allows blood flow in one direction only • between right atrium and right ventricle

• entrance to the pulmonary artery and aorta • they allow blood flow in one direction only

• main artery • under the most pressure as oxygenated blood is pumped through this to the rest of the body

• a vein that receives deoxygenated blood from the upper body into the right atrium

• a vein that receives deoxygenated blood from the lower body into the right atrium

• carries oxygenated blood from the lungs into the heart (left atrium)

• carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs • its the only artery in the body that carries deoxygenated blood

• arteries • arterioles • capillaries • veins • venules

• carry blood away from the heart • carry oxygenated blood (except pulmonary artery0 • have thick muscular walls to carry blood at high speed under high pressure • expand when blood is forced through them • do not require valves as they have high pressure • deep under skin, if close to skin they can be forced as pulses