Lipids

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

How many possible FA variations are there?

Back (Answer)

Front (Question)

What factors affect melting points of FA?

Back (Answer)

chain length degree of unsaturation

Front (Question)

What is tempering?

Back (Answer)

Controlled crystallisation - liquid is cooled then reheated to 32 degrees, stirred to form small beta crystals and then solidified

Front (Question)

Identify the sources of TGs

Back (Answer)

Ruminant milk fat - branched, short chain trans FAs Vegetable oil/ fat • seeds and oils have a low concentration of FAs • vegetable oil has a high unsat: sat ratio Animal fat - fully saturated, solid at room temperature Marine oils - low in sat FAs, liquid at room temperature due to long chain PUFAs

Front (Question)

What are two examples of plastic fats?

Back (Answer)

Butter Margarine

Front (Question)

Which kind of butter gives chocolate its unique properties?

Back (Answer)

Cocoa butter

Front (Question)

What happens to allow FA to melt

Back (Answer)

the intermolecular bonds are broken by heat

Front (Question)

What happens to allow FAs to melt

Back (Answer)

the intermolecular bonds are broken by heat

Front (Question)

How does chain length affect MP

Back (Answer)

longer the chain, more bonds, more heat required to break bonds and melt FA

#10

Front (Question)

How does the degree of unsaturation affect MP

Back (Answer)

The more saturated a fatty acid, the higher the melting point. The more unsaturated, the lower the melting point- there are more double bonds, this reduces the packing of chains and therefore there are less van de Waals interactions hence the lower melting point as less energy is required to break the bonds This phenomenon deals with intermolecular interactions of fatty acids.

#11

Front (Question)

TG are polymorphic and so can exist in more than one crystalline form- what are they?

Back (Answer)

Alpha, beta prime, beta

#12

Front (Question)

What does the final form of a TG structure depend on?

Back (Answer)

The cooling technique

#13

Front (Question)

Which polymorphic state is formed by rapid cooling?

Back (Answer)

Alpha

#14

Front (Question)

Which polymorphic state is formed by moderate cooling?

Back (Answer)

Beta prime

#15

Front (Question)

Which polymorphic state is formed by slow cooling?

Back (Answer)

Beta

#16

Front (Question)

Which polymorphic state has a low melting range?

Back (Answer)

alpha

#17

Front (Question)

Which polymorphic state has a moderate melting range?

Back (Answer)

beta prime

#18

Front (Question)

Which polymorphic state has a high melting range?

Back (Answer)

beta

#19

Front (Question)

Which polymorphic state is the most stable?

Back (Answer)

beta

#20

Front (Question)

Which polymorphic state has moderate stability?

Back (Answer)

beta prime

#21

Front (Question)

Which polymorphic state is the least stable?

Back (Answer)

alpha

#22

Front (Question)

Which polymorphic state has a fragile appearance?

Back (Answer)

alpha

#23

Front (Question)

Which polymorphic state has small crystal like structures?

Back (Answer)

beta prime

#24

Front (Question)

Which polymorphic state has a large coarse crystal structure?

Back (Answer)

beta