Chemical Changes And Structure #2: Periodic Table & Atomic Structure
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How are elements in the periodic table arranged?
In order of increasing atomic number
What can the periodic table be used to determine?
Whether an element is a metal or a non-metal
What can we do with the electron arrangement of the first 20 elements?
Write them
What does an atom have?
A nucleus
How many types of atom are in each element?
1
What does a nucleus contain?
• protons and neutrons • electrons that orbit the nucleus
What is the charge of a proton?
One-positive
What is the charge of a neutron?
Neutral
What is the charge of an electron?
One-negative
What is the relative weight / amu of a proton?
1
What is the relative weight / amu of an electron?
Almost zero
What is the relative weight / amu of a neutron?
1
Where is the proton?
In the nucleus
Where is the neutron?
In the nucleus
Where is the electron? Why?
Orbiting the nucleus, it is negatively charged and so attracted to the positive nucleus - opposites attract
What is relative weight?
Atomic mass (amu)
Atomic number =
Number of protons , number of electrons
Mass number =
Number of protons and neutrons
How do we find the number of neutrons?
Mass number - atomic number
What is the charge of the nucleus?
Positive, because it’s positively and neutrally charged
What is nuclide notation used to show?
The atomic number, mass number (and charge) of atoms (ions) from which the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons can be determined
What is an isotope? (test question)
Atoms of the same element that have the same atomic number but a different mass number
Isotopes have the exact same…
Chemical properties as other atoms
What does it mean that isotopes have a different mass number?
Of the 118 atoms, some are heavier because they have a different amount of neutrons and so different mass numbers.