Module 2: Acids And Redox
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Acids and bases What are acids (short)
Proton donors
Acids and bases What are acids (long)
When mixed with water they release hydrogen ions- H+
Acids and bases What are strong acids
When an acid completely dissociates to release H+ ions in aqueous solution
Acids and bases Example of strong acid
HCl
Acids and bases Example of HCl ionising
HCl (aq) —> H+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
Acids and bases What is a weak acid
An acid which only partially dissociates to release H+ ions in an aqueous solution
Acids and bases Example of as weak acid
Ethanoic acid
Acids and bases Ethanoic acid partially ionising equation
CH3COOH(aq) <=> H+(aq) + CH3COO-(aq)
Acids and bases What does an equilibrium sign indicate in acids
An incomplete reaction therefore a weak acid
Acids and bases Formula for hydrochloride acid
HCl
Acids and bases Formula for sulphuric acid
H2SO4
Acids and bases Formula for nitric acid
HNO3
Acids and bases What are classed as bases
Metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates and ammonia
Acids and bases What do bases do to acids
Neutralise them to form salts
Acids and bases What are alkalis
When a base dissolves in water releasing OH-ions
Acids and bases Common examples of metal oxide bases
MgO CaO
Acids and bases Examples of common metal carbonate bases
Na2CO3 CaCO3 CuCO3
Acids and bases Examples of common alkalis
NaOH KOH NH3
Acids and bases What happens in neutralisation of acid
H+ ions react with a base to form a salt and neutral water
Acids and bases What salt 8s produced from HCl
——- chloride
Acids and bases What salt is produced from sulphuric acid
————- sulphate
Acids and bases What salt is produced from nitric acid
———— nitrate
Acids and bases What salt is produced from Ethanoic acid
———— Ethanoate
Acids and bases What does acid and metal oxide make
Salt and water