U2-2-2 - Fats and Oils
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Name this molecule
Propane-1,2,3-triol OR glycerol
Fats and oils belong to this family of compounds
Esters or triesters (3 ester links per molecule)
Fats and oils are made from these two components
Glycerol and fatty acids
When a fat/oil gets hydrolysed, what is the molar ratio of glycerol to fatty acids?
1:3 1 mole glycerol to 3 moles fatty acids
How can you tell from its formula if a fatty acid is saturated?
If it’s saturated, the general formula is CnH2n+1COOH. Every 2 missing hydrogens = one double bond (C=C)
What is the structural difference between fats and oils?
Fats are saturated, oils are unsaturated
What practical technique and reagent can be used to work out the degree of unsaturation in an oil?
Titration with bromine water Moles of Br2 reacted = moles of C=C present
Name the process through which oils are turned into fats
(Partial) hydrogenation
Which have the higher melting points: fats or oils?
Fats
Why are the melting points of fats higher than those of oils? 2 reasons
Fat molecules** pack more closely** together. London dispersion forces are stronger between fat molecules .