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Psychology - CFT

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Total cards: 8•Content version: v3•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (8)

#1
Front (Question)

The counterfactural theory of causation is

Back (Answer)

let’s C caused E if E would not have occurred without C. Binary judgement

#2
Front (Question)

Counterfactual theory example

Back (Answer)

lottery causes wealth (C->E) but wealth often occurs without the lottery (!C->E). Therefore not causal

#3
Front (Question)

Eye tracking experiment (Gersten 2017) evidence for counterfactual theory

Back (Answer)

participants asked why a ball B diverted by ball A went through a gate and eyes went to wear B would have gone. Proves we simulate alternative events

#4
Front (Question)

Human difference from counterfactual theory

Back (Answer)

not all conditions feel causal. Lightning causes fire vs oxygen. Lightning is less common

#5
Front (Question)

Counter argument to not all conditions feeling causal

Back (Answer)

people also factor in what counter factual worlds are plausible and this can create a graded judgement where conditions with implausible counterfactuals feel weak

#6
Front (Question)

Evidence people judge causation based on likelihood of cause

Back (Answer)

participants attributed winning to drawing less common ball colour than more common

#7
Front (Question)

Political evidence for counterfactual effect size model

Back (Answer)

Pennsylvania judged more causal than California in 2020 election

#8
Front (Question)

(CFT) Correlation coefficient 1 and 0 and -1

Back (Answer)

A happens only with B. no relationship. A happens only without B