The Diversity of Living Things
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Define Biodiversity
The number and variety of species and ecosystems on earth
Define Biological Species
A group of living things whose members are able to freely breed among themselves, it is also known as the biological species concept
Define Morphilogical species
Species that are defined based on a set of physical characteristics or “morphology”
What is the difference between a biological species and a morphological species
Biological species is determined by wether two individuals can produce a fertile, viable offspring while morphilogical species are determined by wether two individuals look similar or not
Define Hybridization
When two organisms of different species crossbreed successfully, example: Mule
Define Species Diversity
The variety of species in an ecosystem and the number of individuals within each of those species
What is the difference between a heterotroph and an autotroph
A heterotroph cannot make its own food so it feeds on either living or past living things while an autotroph produces nutrients through sources of energy such as water, gases and minerals Examples Heterotroph: human Autotroph: plant
Define “Structural Diversity”
The range of physical sizes, shapes and distribution of living things within an ecosystem. Example A baron arctic landscape would have an extremely low structural diversity. A rainforest would have an extremely high structural diversity
What is the acronym for risks to biodiversity?
HIPPOC Habitat destruction Invasive species Pollution Population Over harvesting Climate change
What do the two p’s in HIPPOC stand for?
Pollution Population
What does the H in HIPPOC stand for
Habitat destruction
What does the I in HIPPOC stand for?
Invasive species
What does the O in HIPPOC stand for?
Over harvesting
What does the C in HIPPOC stand for?
Climate change
Define Biological Classification
Grouping things into biological categories based on physical characteristics and evolutionary relationships
What is Taxonomy?
The science of identifying and classifying all organisms
What does a Taxonomist do?
A scientist who identifies and classifies all organisms. both living and fossil species
Who was the first Taxonomist
Carl Linnaues
What is a Genus?
Categories of species according to shared characteristics
What is Binomial Nomenclature?
Scientific names organisms had which is the genus name followed by the species name Example: Human (Homo) (sapien)
What is a Taxon or taxa
Ranks in the taxonomy of living things that are in the following order Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
What is a Dichotomous Key?
A series of branching 2 part statements used to identify organisms based on their morphological and anatomical characteristics.
What is a phylogenetic tree?
A diagram depicting the evolutionary relationships between different species or groups
What is a clade
A taxonomic group that includes a single ancestor species and all of its descendants