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Exam #4

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

#1
Front (Question)

3 types of cells the ANS controls

Back (Answer)

smooth muscle cells cardiac muscle cells gland cells

#2
Front (Question)

where do SNS preganglionic fibers originate

Back (Answer)

thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord (T1-L2/3)

#3
Front (Question)

where do SNS preganglionic cell bodies lie in the spinal cord

Back (Answer)

intermediolateral horn

#4
Front (Question)

where do SNS preganglionic cell fibers pass through in the spinal cord

Back (Answer)

ventral root

#5
Front (Question)

where do SNS preganglionic fibers travel once they leave the spinal canal

Back (Answer)

pass through white ramus, into one of the ganglia of the sympathetic chain

#6
Front (Question)

what can SNS preganglionic neurons do once they are inside the sympathetic chain

Back (Answer)

synapse with post ganglionic neuron in the ganglion (travel through gray rami to periphery) Go up or down the sympathetic chain to synapse at another level exit the chain to an outlying collateral ganglion where they can synapse with a peripheral synpathetic ganglion

#7
Front (Question)

where do post ganglionic sympathetic neurons originate

Back (Answer)

one of the sympathetic chain ganglia one of the peripheral sympathetic ganglia

#8
Front (Question)

5 peripheral sympathetic ganglia

Back (Answer)

celiac superior mesenteric aorticorenal inferior mesenteric hypogastric

#9
Front (Question)

what is released at the terminal end of the SNS preganglionic neuron

Back (Answer)

ACh

#10
Front (Question)

SNS preganglionic fiber length

Back (Answer)

short

#11
Front (Question)

SNS post ganglionic fiber length

Back (Answer)

long

#12
Front (Question)

what is released at the terminal end of the post ganglionic neuron at synapses with target organ

Back (Answer)

NE

#13
Front (Question)

chromaffin cells

Back (Answer)

ACh interacts with them to release EPI and NE in the adrenal medulla

#14
Front (Question)

catecholamine content released by chromaffin cells

Back (Answer)

80% EPI 20% NE

#15
Front (Question)

how long do hormonal EPI and NE last vs direct stimulation

Back (Answer)

10x longer

#16
Front (Question)

what is the result of SNS stimulation of the liver

Back (Answer)

glycogenolysis– glucose released into the blood

#17
Front (Question)

synthesis of NE

Back (Answer)

tyrosine+ tyrosine hydroxylase-> DOPA+ decarboxylase-> dopamine+ DBH-> transported into vesicles and converted to NE

#18
Front (Question)

3 mechanisms by which NE is removed after the release into the synapse

Back (Answer)

reuptake into the presynaptic terminals (active transport) diffusion away from nerve endings destruction by tissue enzymes (MAO and COMT)

#19
Front (Question)

What does the metabolism of NE form

Back (Answer)

VMA

#20
Front (Question)

what is VMA

Back (Answer)

the major metabolite (80-90%) of NE found in urine

#21
Front (Question)

are SNS preganglionic fibers myelinated or unmyelinated

Back (Answer)

myelinated

#22
Front (Question)

preganglionic fiber to postganglionic fiber ratio in SNS

Back (Answer)

1:20-30

#23
Front (Question)

NE negative feedback loop

Back (Answer)

NE binds in the presynaptic post ganglionic sympathetic nerve terminal to a2 receptors and NE release is decreased

#24
Front (Question)

where does PSNS arise from

Back (Answer)

CN3,7,9,10 sacral segments 1-4 The craniosacral outflow