Chapter 1: Cells

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

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Front (Question)

Cells

Back (Answer)

The fundamental units of life

Front (Question)

How are cells different

Back (Answer)

Appearance and function

Front (Question)

Living cells are

Back (Answer)

Self replicating collections of catalyts

Front (Question)

All livings cells have

Back (Answer)

Evolved from the same ancestral cell

Front (Question)

Genes provide

Back (Answer)

Instructions for the form,function and behavior of cells

Front (Question)

2 domains of prokaryotes

Back (Answer)

Bacteria and archaea

Front (Question)

Nucleus

Back (Answer)

Information store

Front (Question)

Mitochondria

Back (Answer)

Generate usable energy

Front (Question)

Chloroplast

Back (Answer)

Capture energy from sunlight

#10

Front (Question)

Internal membranes

Back (Answer)

Create intracellular compartments

#11

Front (Question)

Cytosol

Back (Answer)

Concentrated aqueous gel

#12

Front (Question)

Cytoskeleton

Back (Answer)

Responsible for directed cell movements

#13

Front (Question)

DNA is an information storage molecule whose sequences serve as a template to make

Back (Answer)

RNA

#14

Front (Question)

The extent of complementarity of a miRNA w/ its target mRNA determines

Back (Answer)

• High complementarity → degraded right away • Low complementarity → slows translation, sends P bodies → mRNA degraded later

#15

Front (Question)

What part of the DNA replication process would be most directly affected if a strain of bacteria lacked primase?

Back (Answer)

Okazaki fragment synthesis

#16

Front (Question)

SiRNA can

Back (Answer)

Cause formation of heterochromatin/ degrade foreign viral like RNA

#17

Front (Question)

In the 1940 s proteins were thought to be the more likely molecules to house genetic Information why do you think that DNA was not originally believed to be the genetic material?

Back (Answer)

DNA was found to contain only four different chemical building blocks but proteins have twenty different amino acid building blocks

#18

Front (Question)

Histones have many amino acids that have a net positive change. Why do you think this is?

Back (Answer)

DNA has a negative charge on sugar phosphate backbone, so DNA can wrap lightly around the histones

#19

Front (Question)

SnRNAs

Back (Answer)

Can bind to specific sequences at intron-exon boundaries through. Complementary base-pairing

#20

Front (Question)

The process of sorting human chromosome pairs by size and morphology is called karyotyping a modern method employed for cot typing is called chromosome painting are individuals chromosome painted?

Back (Answer)

Using fluorescent DNA molecules → complementary to sequences on each chromosome

#21

Front (Question)

What best describes how transcription occurs?

Back (Answer)

. The bottom strand is the template strand: RNA polymerase moves along the strand from 3’ to 5’

#22

Front (Question)

Why are STRs important in forensics?

Back (Answer)

Short tandem repeats (STRs) PCR to amplify DNA to identify individuals STRs are different sizes in different individuals

#23

Front (Question)

Which of the following limits the use of PCR to detect und isolate genes?

Back (Answer)

The sequence at the beginning and end of DNA to be amplified must be known

#24

Front (Question)

Genes in eukaryotic cells often have intronie sequences coded for within the DNA. These sequences are ultimately not translated into proteins why?

Back (Answer)

Introns are spliced out and degraded in the nucleus translation occurs in cytoplasm