Lesson 1 Bioenergetics
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (24)
What is bioenergetics?
the flow and exchange of energy in a living system
What is energy?
the capacity to do work
What are the types of work in the body?
• mechanical • chemical • transport
How many kcal per gram does fat have?
9 kcal/g
How many kcal per gram of CHO?
4 kcal/g
How many kcal per gram of protein?
4 kcal/g
What is catabolic metabolism?
the metabolism process of breaking down molecules to produce ATP
What is anabolic metabolism?
the metabolism process of constructing molecules using ATP
What is an oxidation reaction?
an electron is removed from an atom or moelcule
What is a reduction reaction?
an electron is added to an atom or molecule
What are important examples of oxidation and reduction?
NAD+ = oxidized form NADH = reduced form FAD = oxidized form FADH = reduced form
What is hydrolysis?
the breakdown of a molecule through the addition of the components of H2O
What is condensation?
the synthesis of a molecule resulting in the additional production of H2O, sometimes called dehydration synthesis
What is an example of hydrolysis?
ATP + H2O > ADP + P + energy
What enzyme facilities the hydrolysis of ATP?
atpase
What are the three main pathways of ATP synthesis?
phosphasagen (phosphocreatine) system substrate level phosphorylation oxidative phosphorylation
Which pathways of ATP synthesis are anaerobic and which are aerobic?
anaerobic: PCr and substrate level aerobic: oxidative phosphorylation
What is the formula for the PCr system?
PCr + ADP > ATP + creatine
What enzyme controls the PCr system?
creatine kinase
What are the characteristics of the PCr system?
• occurs rapidly and depletes fast due to limited supply • resynthesis of PCr requires ATP • anaerobic
What type of exercise utilizes the PCr system?
short term, high intensity (5-10 sec) explosive movements
What are the characteristics of substrate level phosphorylation?
• a free phosphate is transferred directly from an intermediate molecule in the metabolism pathway • occurs during glycolysis • fast but not as fast as PCr • anaerobic
Where does oxidative phosphorylation occur?
mitochondria in a cell
What are the characteristics of oxidative phosphorylation?
• energy in form of hydrogen ion and electron, transferred from substrate to NAD+ and FAD producing NADH and FADH (reduction) • substrate is oxidized • used to drive electron transport chain • provides majority of app for sustained exercise • aerobic • supply is endless