Common Reactions
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Name at least 3 differences between metals and non-metals.
Metals: good thermal/electrical conductors Non-metals: poor thermal/electrical conductors Metals: ductile and malleable Non-metals: brittle Metals: high melting/boiling points Non-metals: low melting/boiling points
What does a metal and an acid form?
A salt and hydrogen.
How does potassium react with water?
• Floats on surface • Melts • Catches fire • Burns (lilac coloured flame) • Releases hydrogen gas
How does sodium react with water?
similar to potassium, but the reaction is less vigorous so the hydrogen gas may not ignite
How does calcium react with water?
• quick reaction • solid metal sinks • bubbles produced on metal surface (slower than K and Na) • solution becomes cloudy - calcium hydroxide is insoluble
How does iron (III) react with water?
Slowly rusts in the presence of water and oxygen.
How does magnesium react with water?
• Very slow effervescence • Only has a steady reaction with steam
How do aluminium and zinc react with water?
• Do not react neither with cold or hot water • React very slowly with steam
How do silver, copper, and gold react with water?
They don’t.
What is formed when a metal is in contact with oxygen?
The metal is oxidised forming a metal oxide.
State three uses of aluminium and why.
• Aircraft because its density is low2. Electric cables because of its low density and conductivity3. Food containers because it does not corrode
State one use of copper and why.
Electrical wires - conductivity and it is ductile.
The Reactivity Series is:
K, Na, Ca, Mg, Al, C, Zn, Fe, H, Cu, Ag, Au