The Respiratory system

The diffusion of gases between the environment and the cells of the organism and it occurs across a membrane.

I’m the lungs where oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood. And also In the tissues where oxygen diffuses out of the blood into the cells and carbon dioxide diffuses from the cells into the blood.

The physical taking in of air (inhalation) and letting out of air (exhalation)

The chemical process whereby oxygen and glucose are used by mitochondria to produce carbon dioxide and water and release energy from food.

The respiratory system consists of the nostrils, the nasal passages, the pharynx, the trachea, the bronchi, the bronchioles and the two lungs

Plants obtain oxygen from the air through stomata in their leaves and then diffuse it into cells that need it. Many invertebrate and some vertebrate animals absorb oxygen through their skin. The gaseous exchange surface of terrestrial multicellular animals, like humans, is the alveoli in lungs.

The gaseous exchange system

A mucous membrane

The sticky membrane secreted by the goblet cells traps dust and micro organisms in the air inhaled

Microscopic hairs on the cells that line the breathing passages. The beat rhythmically to bring mucous with trapped germs up from the lungs to the throat

The turbinate bones, sinuses, nasal cavity, hard palate, tongue muscles, bolus, epiglottis, larynx, trachea, c-shaped cartilage rings, oesophagus, uvula, buccal cavity, soft palate and the Eustachian tube opening

Larynx, c-shaped cartilage rings, trachea, bronchi, heart, left lung, alveoli, bronchioles, ribs, pleural membranes, internal intercostal muscles and the external inter costal muscles

To equalise the air pressure on both sides of the ear drum

Prevents food from entering the nasal passages when you swallow

Passage for foot and air to pass through

Passage for food that is being transported to the stomach

A spongy bone

Reduces speed of airflow. The mucous membrane warm the air and make it moist and then filter out bacteria and spores

A hard palate that has ridges to help with mechanical digestion

Mixes food with saliva, pushes food under the teeth, assists in swallowing and creates word formations when taking

Stops food from going down the trachea when swallowing

Holds the coal cords (voice box)

Airway that remains open for air to flow to and from the lungs

Keeps the trachea open at all times, the opening at the back allows the oesophagus to expand when food is swallowed.