Special organs of the Digestive system
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how many salivary glands are involved in mechanical digestion?
3 separate salivary glands 1. Parotid glands 2. submandibular glands 3. subligual glands
What is the primary function of the salivary glands in digestion?
secretion of saliva into the oral cavity to assist with mechanical digestion.
What is the substance found in saliva that helps in lubricating the food to move easier to the stomach?
Mucins
Parotid Glands
-These are glands located anterior to each ear. -They are the largest salivary glands
where do the parotid glads secrete saliva to?
secretes saliva between the cheek and upper jaw
What is the name of the enzyme found in the saliva secreted by the parotid glands.
Salivary amylase
What is the primary function of the digestive enzyme Salivary amylase?
This digestive enzyme begins the chemical digestion process in the mouth.
What is the location of the submandibular and sublingual glads?
located under the mandible and the tongue.
Where do the submandibular and sublingual glands secrete saliva to?
they secrete saliva onto the floor of the mouth.
Describe the Esophagus
A hollow tube structure that connects the mouth to the stomach
What is the path of the esophagus?
it passes through the thoracic cavity behind the trachea and then enters the abdominal cavity
Esophageal hiatus
an opening in the diaphragm where the esophagus enters the abdominal cavity through.
what is the primary function of the esophagus?
To transport a bolus of food from the mouth into the stomach.
What are the 3 major functions of the Stomach?
• stores food • performs mechanical digestion • performs chemical digestion by mixing the substances coming into the stomach with gastric juices which creates a mixture known as chyme
chyme
the semi-fluid mixture of gastric juices and partially digested food.
The anatomy of the stomach consists of which two parts?
• Lesser curvature • Greater curvature
Lesser curvature of the stomach
the medial side of the stomach
greater curvature of the stomach
the lateral side of the stomach
list the 4 regions of the stomach anatomically?
• Cardia • Fundus • Body • Pylorus
Cardia of stomach
the region of the superior medial portion of the stomach where it attaches to the esophagus.
Fundus of stomach
The region lateral to the cardia -This is the most superior portion of the stomach.
Body of stomach
the area below fundus down the curve of the J-shape of the stomach -where most of the mixing occurs between the food and gastric juices.
Pylorus of the stomach (location)
this is the bottom part of the j shape of stomach. -pylorus is attached to the small intestine via the pyloric sphincter.
Pyloric sphincter
a muscular valve that connects stomach to small intestine. -Main purpose is to regulate how much chyme leaves the stomach and enters the intestine.