Chapter 1 & 2 Quiz Notes

All of the following are part of the Immune System except: mucus gastric juices skin bacteria in the large intestine

All of the following describe nutrients except? Substances required by the body to perform its basic functions Must be obtained from our diet Provide energy, contribute to body structure, and/or regulate chemical processes in the body Make up additives like dyes

All of the following are glands in the endocrine system except; salivary thyroid pineal ovaries and testes

Amino acids, short fatty acids, and monosaccharides are transported from the intestinal cells into the _________, but the larger fatty acids, fat-soluble vitamins, and other lipids are transported first through the ___________. capillaries; lymph system gallbladder; liver pancreas; kidneys stomach; blood

Minerals are classified as _______________. Water-soluble or Fat-soluble Simple or Complex Essential or Non-essential Trace or Macro

The digestive system functions on two levels; _______ and _______. chemically; structurally mechanically; chemically absorbing; excreting dissolving; mechanically

One measurement of food quality is the amount of ________ it contains relative to the amount of _________ it provides. minerals; vitamins nutrients; energy energy; minerals vitamins; nutrients

Simple carbohydrates consist of _________ basic units; while complex carbohydrates are ______ chains of simple sugars. three or less; short two; medium up to five; long one or two; long

______________ are macromolecules composed of chains of subunits called amino acids. Lipids Carbohydrates Proteins Vitamins

Access to fresh fruits and vegetables may be scant, particularly for those who live in disadvantaged or remote areas; where cheaper food options are limited to convenience stores and fast food. This food influence is called _______. Economics Geography Culture Advertising

Achieving a healthy diet requires paying attention to which five key factors? Adequate, balanced, calorie control, moderation, and variety Macronutrients, moderation, money/cost, vitamins, and water Calorie control, nutrients, satiation, variety, and minerals Organic, adequate, balanced, nutrient dense, and calorie control

All macronutrients contain calories except for: Lipids Carbohydrates Water Proteins

Bone tissue cells include osteoprogenitor cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes. What does osteo stand for? relating to bones creating blood made of calcium uses fluoride

Bones act as a storage depot for minerals such as _______, ______, and ______. calcium; phosphorus; magnesium selenium; manganese; calcium zinc, iodine, fluoride chromium; iron; calcium

Bones are continuously growing and changing shape through two processes called _____ and ________. calcification; restructuring growth; modeling growing; dying elongating; shortening

Cell theory incorporates three principles which includes all of the following except: Cells are the most basic building units of life. Cells do not move. Independent single-celled organisms must conduct all the basic processes of life. Cells are structurally and functionally complete.

Common signs of Pellagra include all of the following except: Death Drinking Dementia Diarrhea

Dietary methods of assessing nutritional status include all of the following except: Food Frequency Questionnaire Exercise Log Food Diary 24 Hour Recall

Females have more ________, which is needed for reproduction and is a consequence of different levels of hormones. hair fat mass muscle mass bone density

Food is digested and nutrients absorbed into the blood and lymph system from the ___________. small intestine esophagus stomach large intestine

In 2008 the _______________________ released the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Department of Agriculture (USDA) Health and Human Services (HHS)

Minerals are classified as _______________. Simple or Complex Essential or Non-essential Water-soluble or Fat-soluble Trace or Macro

Minerals play a role in all of the following except ________? Build bone tissue Fluid balance Fuel the brain Enzyme function

Nutrients that are need in large amounts are called ___________. calories micronutrients macronutrients vitamins and minerals