Nervous System
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what is the goal of the nervous system
to regulate all the functions of the body
what are some examples of the functions of the body ( goal of nervous system)
voluntary bodily functions: walking talking automatic and involuntary actions: breathing, heart beat, digestion human behavior and intellectual activity allows humans to sense, interact and adapt with external world
what are the main 2 parts of the central nervous system ( CNS)
brain and spinal cord
role of CNS
manage complex behavior, process information from the sense and coordinate bodily responses.
what are neurons called
amitotic
neurons are amitotic which means that:
cant do mitosis, once neuron die it cannot be replaced
neurons apprearence and what do they do
smallest part of nervous system, carry electrical impulses throughout the system
what are dendrites
small branching projections that surround the cell body, they convey nerve impulse towards the cell body
what are axons
longest part of neuron, take message (nerve impulse) from cell body and bring towards nerve ending, are covered in myelin sheath a protective layer (covers axon)
neurons are made to react to a stimulus like:
sounds, light, touch
what do neurons do after after are stimulated
they are conductive: send electrical current ( nerve impulse) to another neuron or to muscle.
neurons are specialized cells meaning;
they have one specific function: transmitting information
axon nerve endings contain chemicals called neurotrasmitters they are meant to
stimulate the dendrite of the neighbouring neuron.
neighbouring neurons comminucate through a
synapse, it can either happen from neuron to neuron or to muscle
sensory neurons
they receive and transmit information from the senses. they travel from sensory organs to the brain where message is interpreted
motor neurons
receive information from brain and propagate it to muscles or glands
associated neurons
relay information from neuron to neuron, it can travel very quickly it allows for nearly instant reflexes ( when you touch smth hot)
reflexes are sometimes automatic reactions that are meant to:
regulate our organs ex; sneezing, couching, digestion, heart beat
reflex arc
-neuron of a sensory nerve are stimulated -message is sent directly to spinal cord ( NOT BRAIN) -spinal cord allows synapse to occur and transmits the message to the motor nerve -motor nerve transmit message to necessary muscle allowing quick contraction -brain then interprets the message and your body feels the pain
reaction
sensory organ has itm eto send the messageto the brain for interpretation (moving you head when a ball is coming towards it)