cell biology (seneca)
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Eukaryotic cells are found in
plants, animals, fungi and protists (single-celled organisms that don’t fit other categories).
what are protists?
Eukaryotic single celled cells that are not plants, animals, fungi
Eukaryotic are —- micrometres in size.
10 - 100
Prokaryotic cells are —– micrometres in size.
0.1 - 5.0
prokaryotes are
Bacteria
what is the micrometer unit
µm
Some prokaryotic cells contain small rings of DNA called …
plasmids.
Plasmids can ——- and move between …
• replicate • cells so that genetic information can be shared.
Prokaryotic cells do not have a (n)…
nucleus (where DNA is stored).
Most of prokaryotic cells genetic material is stored in a ——- in the …
single DNA loop cytoplasm (watery jelly that fills the cell).
Prokaryotic cells do NOT contain (m)…
mitochondria (where respiration takes place) or chloroplasts (where photosynthesis takes place).
The cell membrane is ——— permeable
selectively
Something that is selectively permeable can …
control which substances move through it.
To multiply numbers in standard form:
• Multiply the leading numbers. • Add the powers. • Change into the correct format.
To divide numbers in standard form:
• Divide the leading numbers. • Subtract the powers. • Change into the correct format
1 µm = — m
0.000001m
1 nm = —- m
0.000000001 m
An animal cell contains the following sub-cellular structures:
• Cell membrane • Nucleus • Ribosomes • Mitochondria • Cytoplasm
The nucleus contains …
chromosomes (which contain the cell’s genetic material).
Ribosomes are responsible for …
synthesising (making) proteins.
Mitochondria is where …
aerobic respiration takes place.
Cytoplasm is a ———————- where…
jelly-like fluid that fills the cell. most of the cell’s chemical reactions take place.
An animal cell contains a ———————– membrane.
partially permeable
As well as the sub-cellular structures that animal cells have, a typical plant cell has a few more:
• Permanent vacuole • Chloroplasts • Cell wall