Topic 10 - Covalent Bonding
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Define covalent bonding
The Attaction between the nuclei of atoms and the shared pair of electrons between them
Describe and explain the boiling points of simple molecular substances
Low Because the forced between molecules are weak, and therefore not much energy is needed to overcome them
Why do simple molecular substances not conduct?
Their molecules are neutral
Describe diamond
• very hard -> every C has 4 strong covalent bonds • high melting, boiling and subliming points -> giant lattice with lots of strong covalent bonds • used for cutting
Describe graphite
• anisotropic • it can conduct, because it has delocalised electrons • high melting, boiling and subliming point • used as a solid lubricant because it is soft (weak intermolecular forces can slide) • hexagonal layers -> each C has 3 bonds
Describe C60 Fullerene
• Simple molecular substance • Hollow spheres made up of 60 carbon atoms -> made up of large covalent molecules • soft because of intermolecular forces • Poor conductor -> the delocalised electrons can’t move between molecules