Carbonlys

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

What is a carbonyl ?

Back (Answer)

It’s a carbon double bonded to a oxygen

Front (Question)

What is the symbol of a carbonyl ?

Back (Answer)

COOH

Front (Question)

What is an amide ?

Back (Answer)

Carboxylic acid attached to a NH2 CONH

Front (Question)

What is an aldehyde ?

Back (Answer)

Has CHO So c=O and c- H at the end of the molecule not C-OH as in carboxylic acid

Front (Question)

Give me examples of aldehydes ?

Back (Answer)

Ethanal CH3CHO (CHO)

Front (Question)

What is the formula for formaldehyde?

Back (Answer)

H-CHO

Front (Question)

What is the structure of acetone ?

Back (Answer)

CH3COCH3

Front (Question)

What is a ketone ?

Back (Answer)

When the c=o is in the middle of the molecule

Front (Question)

What are the 3 acyl groups ?

Back (Answer)

Formyl,acetyl,benzoyl

#10

Front (Question)

What does formyl look like ?

Back (Answer)

COOH-R

#11

Front (Question)

What does an acyl group contain ?

Back (Answer)

CH3CO-R

#12

Front (Question)

What does an benzoyl group contain?

Back (Answer)

C6H6-CO-R

#13

Front (Question)

What is the hybridisation state of the carbonyl groups of all aldehydes and ketones ?

Back (Answer)

The carbon in c=o is SP2 hybridised as there are 3 sigma bonds and 1 pi bond so 4 bonds so SP3 hybridised

#14

Front (Question)

What type of bonds does the c=o contain?

Back (Answer)

Pi and sigma

#15

Front (Question)

What is the geometry of carbonyl groups of all aldehydes and ketones ?

Back (Answer)

Trigonal planar

#16

Front (Question)

Is sigma or pi stronger ?

Back (Answer)

Sigma is more stronger as it’s in both single and double bonds

#17

Front (Question)

What is the reactivity if a pi bond like ?

Back (Answer)

Pi bonds are weaker than sigma bonds so they are more reactive so it’s the site of nucleophilic attack

#18

Front (Question)

What does a nucleophile mean ?

Back (Answer)

Electron pair donor

#19

Front (Question)

Is carbon or oxygen more electronegative ?

Back (Answer)

Oxygen is more electronegative

#20

Front (Question)

What does a more electronegative oxygen mean than carbon ?

Back (Answer)

The more electronegative means you can pull electron density towards you so the carbon becomes electrophilic as it is deficient of electrons so can accept and the oxygen becomes nucleophilic.

#21

Front (Question)

Why can carbonyls undergo nucleophilic addition?

Back (Answer)

The pi bond is weaker than sigma so more reactive so site of nucleophilic attack AND Oxygen is more electronegative than carbon so it pulls electron density towards it and the carbon becomes electrophilic as it is deficient of electrons so can accept and the oxygen becomes nucleophilic.

#22

Front (Question)

What are hydrogen bond donors ?

Back (Answer)

NH OH

#23

Front (Question)

Are aldehydes or ketones hydrogen bond donors and why ?

Back (Answer)

No as they don’t have a NH or OH group

#24

Front (Question)

What are common features in hydrogen bond acceptors ?

Back (Answer)

They have a oxygen with a lone pair