The atmosphere

a large (usually thousands of miles across) volume of air that has horizontally uniform properties in terms of temperature, and to a lesser extent humidity.

The force exerted onto a surface by the weight of the air

the vertical elevation of an object above a surface (as sea level or land)

an instrument for measuring the speed of the wind, or of any current of gas.

a blanket of gases surrounding the earth or another planet

an instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure

the general wether conditions in an area over a long period of time

water that collects as droplets on a cold surface when humid air is in contact with it.

the process by which heat or electricity is directly transmitted through a substance

The process when one thing becomes part of another thing.

the boundary of an advancing mass of cold air, in particular the trailing edge of the warm sector of a low-pressure system.

the movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, which consequently results in transfer of heat.

an effect whereby a mass moving in a rotating system experiences a force (the Coriolis force ) acting perpendicular to the direction of motion and to the axis of rotation. On the earth, the effect tends to deflect moving objects to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern and is important in the formation of cyclonic weather systems.

degree of consistency measured by the quantity of mass per unit volume.

the atmospheric temperature (varying according to pressure and humidity) below which water droplets begin to condense and dew can form.

Electromagnetic waves are waves that contain an electric field and a magnetic field and carry energy. They travel at the speed of light.

Evaporation is defined as the process of a liquid changing into a gas. An example of evaporation is water turning into steam.

the outermost region of a planet’s atmosphere.

the temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid when cooled.

Global winds are a system of wind patterns distributing warm air unevenly across Earth.

the trapping of the sun’s warmth in a planet’s lower atmosphere due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planet’s surface.

Infrared (IR) radiation is a type of electromagnetic radiation (a wave with electricity) . The wave is longer than light which humans can see and shorter than microwaves.

the layer of the earth’s atmosphere that contains a high concentration of ions and free electrons and is able to reflect radio waves.

a line on a map connecting points having the same atmospheric pressure at a given time or on average over a given period.