5.1.3 - Acids and Bases

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

Bronsted - Lowry Acid

Back (Answer)

Proton donor

Front (Question)

Bronsted - Lowry Base

Back (Answer)

Proton acceptor

Front (Question)

How are acids related to bases

Back (Answer)

Acid —> proton + conjugate base

Front (Question)

How are bases related to acids

Back (Answer)

Base + proton –> conjugate acid

Front (Question)

Back (Answer)

Conversion of hydrogen ion conc pH = - log [H^+] [H^+] = 10 ^-pH

Front (Question)

For strong monoprotic acids [H^+] =

Back (Answer)

[HA] - acid fully dissociates

Front (Question)

What does water dissociate to give

Back (Answer)

H^+ and OH^-

Front (Question)

Back (Answer)

[H^+][OH^-]

Front (Question)

Kw at 25 degrees

Back (Answer)

1.0 * 10^-14

#10

Front (Question)

In neutral solutions at 25 degrees [H^-] =

Back (Answer)

[OH^-]

#11

Front (Question)

How can an aq solution of an acid contain OH-

Back (Answer)

Water dissociates

#12

Front (Question)

When is a solution alkaline

Back (Answer)

[OH^-] > [H^+]

#13

Front (Question)

Finding pH of strong bases using Kw

Back (Answer)

Rearrange Kw

#14

Front (Question)

Finding [OH^-] using pKw

Back (Answer)

Kw = [H+][OH-] pKw = pH + pOH 14 = pH + pOH 14-pH = pOH [OH-] = 10^-pOH

#15

Front (Question)

Assumptions w/ Ka

Back (Answer)

Little dissociation [HA] eqm = [HA] undis. Less valid for stronger weak acids w Ka > 10-2 [H2O] is constant so [H+]=[A-]. Less valid for v weak acids and dilute sol

#16

Front (Question)

Back (Answer)

Dissociation constant for a weak acid Bigger the value, sronger the acid

#17

Front (Question)

Finding [H+] from Ka

Back (Answer)

Ka = [H+][A-]/ [HA] [H+] = [A-] Ka = [H+]^2/ [HA] [H+]^2 = Ka [HA] Square root answer

#18

Front (Question)

Dilution of strong base

Back (Answer)

[OH-] in orig. [OH-] in diluted ([OH] * orig vol/total vol) Find [H+] using Kw

#19

Front (Question)

Reaction between strong acid and strong base

Back (Answer)

Calculate MOLES H+ (x2 if dibasic) Calculate MOLES OH- Calculate XS MOLES Calculate XS [H+] or XS [OH-] (using total vol.) If XS [OH] use Kw to find XS [H+]

#20

Front (Question)

Example of weak base

Back (Answer)

NH3

#21

Front (Question)

Buffers

Back (Answer)

A solution that minimises pH changes in addition of SMALL amounts of acid or base

#22

Front (Question)

Components of a buffer solution

Back (Answer)

Weak acid and its conjugate base

#23

Front (Question)

How to make buffer solutions

Back (Answer)

Mixing weak acid and its conjugate base (ethanoic acid and sodium ethanoate) By partially neutralising a solution of the weak acid to give a mixture of the acid and its salt (React NaOH with an excess of the weak acid)

#24

Front (Question)

What does a buffer solution look like

Back (Answer)

HA only partially dissociates and the salt completely dissociates