Biodiversity/Organismal Biology

More complex than nonvascular- have vascular tissue which transport water and nutrients- roots which absorb water, minerals, and nutrients, root hair increase surface absorption

mutualistic relationship between a fungus, and the roots of a plant- the fungus gets carbohydrates from the plant- the plants benefits from increased absorption of water and minerals

fertilized egg undergoes cleavage to become a multicellular embryo Later the cells differentiate and the embryo organizes in to 3 tissues or germ layers

• Ectoderm-the outer layer gives rise to structure such as the nervous system and the outer layers of the skin • Endoderm- inner layer- gives rise to the lining of the digestive tract and some associated structure • Mesoderm- middle layer- forms muscle and most organ system

programmed cell death, which plays a role in the development of an embryo by removing certain structures (it also plays a role in killing by T cells)