PICLEC: GROUP IVA & IVB
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Known as “Tetrels”
GROUP IV - THE CARBON GROUP
This group contains the following elements: C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb
GROUP IVA
GROUP IVA - This group are Allotropes and Amorphous
CARBON
GROUP IVA - CARBON CRYSTALLINE: - In its pure native form, and considered as the hardest substances and scored 10 on Mohr’s scale - Its colorless, tinted or black crystal
DIAMOND
GROUP IVA - CARBON CRYSTALLINE: - Considered as soft, black shiny solid - Its greek word “Graphein” = ‘to write’ - Utilized in lead pencils
GRAPHITE
GROUP IVA - CARBON - Coal,charcoal, coke
AMORPHOUS
GROUP IVA - CARBON - Known as ‘universal antidote’ - From destructive distillation of plant substances - Adsorptive, used for the Treatment of stomach or intestinal disorders
ACTIVATED CHARCOAL
GROUP IVA - CARBON - Originated from animal bone, purified by dissolving in HCl and water - It is similar to activated charcoal but less adsorptive
PURIFIED ANIMAL CHARCOAL
GROUP IVA - CARBON - Used with caution as Anthelminthic - Main constituent of fire extinguishers
CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
GROUP IVA - CARBON - Known as “carbonic acid gas”
CARBON DIOXIDE
GROUP IVA - CARBON - Treatment of poisoning by CO, alcohol, methanol, morphine (Oxygen gas mixed with 5% CO2)
CARBON DIOXIDE
GROUP IVA - CARBON - Remedy for skin disorder (e.g. acne, eczema, psoriasis, warts)
CARBON DIOXIDE SNOW (dry ice)
GROUP IVA - CARBON - Solvent in rubber industry
CARBON DISULFIDE
GROUP IVA - SILICON - Known as “Purified kieselguhr” and “Purified tripoli”; Diatomaceous Earth
PURIFIED SILICEOUS EARTH
GROUP IVA - SILICON - A form of silica - Used for absorbent and clarifying agent - A polishing powder for metals
PURIFIED SILICEOUS EARTH
GROUP IVA - SILICON - Known as “Silica”
SILICON DIOXIDE
GROUP IVA - SILICON - Crystalline - Amorphous - Glass
SILICON DIOXIDE
GROUP IVA - SILICON - Known as quartz - Quartz with impurities = Gems
CRYSTALLINE
GROUP IVA - SILICON - Agate, Jasper, Opal
AMORPHOUS
GROUP IVA - SILICON - Mixture of various silicates
GLASS
GROUP IVA - SILICON TYPE OF GLASS: - Lead silicate + sodium silicate - Known as the cheapest and common glass
SOFT GLASS
GROUP IVA - SILICON TYPES OF GLASS: - Potassium silicate + Mg/Al oxides - Acid resistant
HARD GLASS
GROUP IVA - SILICON TYPES OF GLASS: - Low refraction, high dispersion (can dispense light) - Used in making lenses for optical instruments - Contains 50% lead
FLINT GLASS
GROUP IVA - SILICON TYPES OF GLASS: - High refraction, low dispersion
CROWN GLASS