Bones and Joints
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What are the 3 types of joints and what unites them?
• Fibrous united by collagen • Cartilaginous united by cartilage • Synovial united by a fibrous capsule
How movable are each of the joints?
Fibrous is no movement, cartilaginous is little movement and synovial has lots of movement.
What is the main example in the body where fibrous joints are found?
Sutures in the skull
What are the three types of suture?
squamous, serrated and denticulate
What are the three types of fibrous joints?
Sutures, syndesmosis and gomphoses
What are the two types of cartilaginous joints?
Synphyses and synchondroses
Give some details on each of the cartilaginous joints
Synphyses = A partially moveable joint in which apposing surfaces are covered by hyaline cartilage but separated by fibrocartilage. Synchondroses = Solid plate of hyaline cartilage. The . cartilage plate acts as an epiphyseal plate between primary and secondary ossification centres.
What are the 4 main components of a synovial joint?
• Ends of bones covered in hyaline cartilage • Joint cavity • Joint capsule • Synovial membrane
How much synovial fluid is there and what does it do?
5ml to lubricate the joint and keep the cartilage healthy
Why can cartilage and not bone be used at synovial joints? What type of cartilage is used?
Bone is too rigid and bone had a blood and nerve supply which would cause pain as the bones grind. Articular cartilage is used.
What is the role of the discs at the articular surfaces of a synovial joint?
The range of movements is increased at the joints. It also helps to spread the load of force over the joint.
What are bursae in synovial joints?
Sacs filled with synovial fluid.
What are the 4 things that movement at synovial joints is related to?
• Shape of the articulations • Tension of the joint capsule • Positions of the ligaments • Position of the muscles surrounding the joints