5.2 Organic II

Due to acid like sulphfur dioxide/nitrogen oxide reacting with water vapour in clouds

Reaction in which many small molecule monomers bond together -> forms long chain polymer

Two molecules combine to form a larger molecule

Organic compounds containing functional group -OH Suffix ending -ol E.g. propan-2-ol

Microbial oxidation or reacting with potassium dichromate(VI)

Reaction with steam and phosphoric acid catalyst

Most common hydrocarbon found in crude oil CnH2n+2

Hydrocarbons with a double bond between two of the carbon atoms in their chain -> unsaturated

Biodegradable

Organic compounds with functional group -COOH

Methanoic acid, ethanoic acid, propanoic acid, butanoic acid

Long chain hydrocarbons are heated at 600-700 degrees to turn them into a gas Vapour is passed over a silica or alumina catalyst Long chain molecules split apart on surface of catalyst

Combustion of a hydrocarbon fuels releases energy During combustion, carbon and hydrogen in fuels are oxidised

Combustion carried out in sufficient oxygen

Water and carbon dioxide

Reaction in which monomers join together and lose small molecules e.g. water These reactions involve monomers with 2 functional groups

Process that involves breaking down larger hydrocarbons to produce small and more useful molecules -> done by steam cracking or catalytic cracking

Finite resource found in rocks -> mostly hydrocarbons

Shows all bonds between every atom in compound

Smallest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in compound E.g. CH2 is empirical formula of C2H4

Product of condensation reaction between carboxylic acid and alcohol Volatile compounds with distinct smells

Perfume and flavourings

-COO-

Chemical process by which molecules such as glucose are broken down anaerobically - ethanol produced when sugar solutions are fermented using yeast