Week 4 Day 2

study of stationary fluid w = m * g = p * V * g = P * A * h * g P = W / A

when an external pressure is applied to a confined fluid, it is transmitted unchanged to every point within that fluid. P1 = P2 F1 = F2 * (A1/A2)

study of moving fluid Flow = volume/time (m3 /sec) If flow is constant: velocity = flow / area *fluid in a smaller tube will go faster, assuming same flow rate

An increase in the speed of a fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or in the fluid’s potential energy P1-P2 = ½d * v12 *((A1/A2)2 -1)

Flow = A1 * V1 = A2 * V2

the reduction of fluid pressure when fluid flows through a constricted section of a pipe.

describes the fluids resistance to flow. (mPa)

Gives the pressure drop in a flow across a length of tube Flow = (P1-P2) * π * r4 / (8 * n * L) n = viscosity L = length

1.602 x 10-19 C 1 C = 6.24 x 1018 e

SI unit of electrical charge 1 C = 6.24 x 1018 electrons one Ampere second 1 Volt / Amp

F = k * q1 *q2/r2 k = 8.99 x 109 N*m2/C2 F can be + (repulsive) or - (attractive)- opposites attract

Joule (kg * m2/s2)/ Coulomb or Volt potential energy of two charges repulsing each other. If one is unable to move, the other charge will be repulsed by first charge, giving it potential energy

1 Joule/Coulomb SI unit for electric potential energy

1 Amp = 1 Coulomb / second flow of electric charge, measured in charge/time

carry electrical current efficiently *metals are generally good conductors

resist carrying electrical current most non metals

the voltage driving electrons through a circuit is directly proportional to the volume of electron flow and the resistance of the medium to that flow. V = IR I = current (amps) V= voltage (volts) R = resistance (ohms)

symbol for resistor

Single pull, single throw ex. light switch

resistors in series Rtotal = R1 + R2 + R3…Rn

resistors in paralles Gtotal = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3….

power is current times voltage P (W) = I * V I= current (amp) V = voltage (volt) W = watt OR J/sec = C/sec * J/C

Energy (J) = power (J/s) * time (s) expressed as kilowatt-hour 1 kWh = 1000 W * hr