Human Use and soil and water

The addition of nutrients to an aquatic ecosystem causing increased growth of plants such as algae is known as this.

when every member of a species goes extinct

Nutrients in soil may be lost through erosion or used up by crops. This is a process in which lost nutrients are restored by changing up the crop planted in a given area.

nitrogen and sulphur containing emissions that react with water in the atmosphere to form nitrate and sulphuric acids. It damages leaves and increases acidity of soil and waterbodies which decreases number of organisms that can survive. It is an international problem. It turns into acid and falls down as rain.

Topsoil- humus, rock particles and organisms Subsoil- compact, little organic material, roots and bacteria Bedrock- solid rock, water cannot penetrate and forms the water table above bedrock

Topsoil, subsoil, water table, bedrock

Loam -best for agriculture. Multi sized particles and allow flow of air and water. Lots of humas and drains without drying Clay soil- Extremely small particles, tightly packed and no air pockets so difficult for roots, trapped water so soul is excessively wet Sandy soil- Large particles of sand, large spaces for root growth and air pockets. Water drains quickly and removes essential nutrients. Less fertile than loam. Near the great lakes

Using an ecosystem’s resources in a way that meets our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.

Acidity or ph is an abiotic factor connected to the chemistry of the soul. If it has - Low ph (1-6) it is acidic - A high ph (8-14) it is basic - A ph of 7 it is neutral - Soil that is too acidic or basic damages plants and animals - Soil ph can be modified to suit plants growing there

As we use the soil to support our growing population we must remember to use the soil in a sustainable way.

The loss of soil by water or wind- devastated ecosystems. The soil becomes drained of nutrients and crop rotation can help restore lost nutrients. Ex nitrogen can be replaced by planting legumes which have a symbiotic relationship with bacteria that convert N2 to NH3 and NO3 which are useful to plants

Water is critical to life and we must manage its use and protect its quality. We use a variety of aspects to assess its quality. Ex abundance and variety of aquatic organisms, level of dissolved oxygen and BOD, ph, and phosphorus and nitrogen levels go to fertilizer and can cause eutrophication

they are chemicals designed to kill pets. A pest is an organism people consider harmful or inconvenient (ex aphids, mosquitoes, crab grass, dandelions)

pesticides that have chlorine accumulate in the fatty tissue of an animal, where it cannot be released.

as animals are eaten the amount of pesticides in animals higher in the food chain become higher. The higher the tropic level, the greater the level of toxins

Crop rotation is the practice of growing a series of different types of crops in the same area across a sequence of growing seasons.

presence of heavy metals, which accumulate in the tissues of organisms.

Water levels dropping, Aral and south sea levels dropping. Over fishing, etc

Using a resource faster than it can be replaced. Don’t overuse on one specific resource and use more of a variety. Can also effect industries surrounding it from using resources (they can close down). Key words: - Overuse (of water)

Process with which humans alter a habitat so native species can’t live there anymore. Habitat change is the most common decline in different species. Humans can change habitats from forestry, urban development, fishing and agriculture

Plants or animals that are native to a particular region live or grow there naturally and were not brought there.

Southern Ontario was once covered in deciduous forests (now in patches)

Any substance added the environment that produces a condition that harms organisms. Air, water environment, point source, non-point source

single identifiable source of air, water, thermal, noise or light pollution.