C3.1 States of matter
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What are the properties of solids?
➢ Fixed shape and volume ➢ Cannot be compressed
What are the properties of liquids?
➢ Have a fixed volume but they can flow and change their shape
What are the properties of gases?
➢ Have no fixed shape or volume ➢ Can be compressed easily
What does the particle theory descibe?
➢ The movement of particles ➢ The average distances between particles
How are the particles arranged in a solid?
➢ Each particle is arranged in fixed rows and they remain in this fixed arrangement ➢ They cannot move - but can vibrate
How are the particles arranged in a liquid?
➢ Very close together but they can move past each other
How are the particles arranged in a gas?
➢ They move around at high speeds ➢ Random arrangement
When does the solid turn into a liquid?
➢ When it melts
How does a solid turn into a liquid?
➢ The vibrations of the particles will be so strong that the particles begin to break free from their neighbors
When does a liquid turn into a gas?
➢ At its boiling point
What is sublimation?
➢ When a solid is heated and changes directly into a gas
What are some limitations of the particle model?
➢ Assumes all particles are made up solid spheres with no forces between them ➢ Does not show the actual size of the particles ➢ Atoms are mostly empty space