L-3 The bacterial pathogens

the capacity of a microbe to cause disease

refers to the development of disease

host immune response including inflammation toxin and enzyme production by the pathogens

many bacterial infections do not always require antibiotics vaccines protect against virulent bacteria

ingestion inhalation penetration sexual

proteins that activate the host cell’s cytoskeletal machinery enabling bacterial entry into the cell by phagocytosis

fimbriae pili capsules slime layers biofilm

essential for bacterial growth

collages = collagen (protein in skin and bone) breakdown, spread of pathogen through tissue

dissolves fibrin clots spread of pathogen through tissue

hyaluronic acid (polysaccharide cement between cells in tissue) breakdown spread of pathogen through tissues

lecithin (cell membrane component) breakdown

toxins (exotoxins/endotoxins)

exotoxins = toxins produced by pathogens which diffuse from the cells endotoxins = toxins which are actual components of the cell envelope

type 1 (superantigens) = activate many different types of immune cell type 2 = damage host cell membranes type 3 (A-B) = interfere with host cell function B- brings toxin to host cell A- causes damage to cell

Endotoxic or septic shock Results from excessive immune response Lipopolysaccharide and sometimes peptidoglycan

Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pyogenes Pseudomonas aeruginosa

toxic shock syndrom toxin 1 scalded skin syndrome

ear, sinus throat/URT lungs/LRT

brain heart

inflammation of the endocardium (lining of the heart, valves)

can cause permanent damage to the heart and effects the joints

can cause permanent damage to the heart and effects the joints

its a disease where spores contaminate wound spores germinate cells release toxins main targets cells of spinal cord and brain