INTRO TO MICROBIOLOGY

The study of living things too small to be seen without magnification

developed taxonomic system for naming plants and animals and grouping similar organisms together

Taenia solium

these microscopic organisms commonly called “germs, viruses, agents…” but not all cause disease and many more are useful or essential for human life

Leeuwenhoek’s microorganisms grouped into six categories as follows:

WHAT IS Balantidium coli?

Diphyllobothrium latum

WHAT IS THE MICROSCOPIC STAGE IN HELMINTHS

Taenia saginata

Eukaryotic (have membrane bound nucleus)  Obtain food from other organisms  Possess cell walls COMPOSED OF MOLD & YEAST

multicellular; have hyphae; reproduce by sexual and asexual spores

unicellular; reproduce asexually by budding; some produce sexual spores

• Single-celled eukaryotes  Similar to animals in nutrient needs and cellular structure  Live freely in water; some live in animal hosts  Asexual (most) and sexual reproduction  Most are capable of locomotion by Pseudopodia, Cilia, Flagella

Unicellular or multicellular  Photosynthetic  Simple reproductive structures  Categorized on the basis of pigmentation, storage products, and composition of cell wall

numerous, short, hair like protrusions that propel organisms through environment

cell extensions that flow in direction of travel

 Unicellular and lack nuclei  Much smaller than eukaryotes  Found everywhere there is sufficient moisture; some found in extreme environments  Reproduce asexually

cell walls contain peptidoglycan; some lack cell walls; most do not cause disease and some are beneficial

extensions of a cell that are fewer, longer, and more whiplike than cilia

 When the “swan-necked flasks” remained upright, no microbial growth appeared  When the flask was tilted, dust from the bend in the neck seeped back into the flask and made the infusion cloudy with microbes within a day

 When decaying meat was kept isolated from flies, maggots never developed  Meat exposed to flies was soon infested  As a result, scientists began to doubt Aristotle’s theory

developed germ theory of disease

cell walls composed of polymers other than peptidoglycan

studied causative agents of disease