Alcohols
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What do alcohols functional groups contain??
-OH
General formula of an alcohol?
CnH2n+1OH
As the number of carbon atoms in the alcohol increase the boiling point ????
Increases
As the number of carbon atoms in the alcohol increases the solubility????
Decreases
Carboxylate acids end in
-OIC ACID
Carboxylic acids contain which functional group??
-COOH
General formula of a carboxylic acid
CnH2n+1 COOH
Uses of carboxylic acids
Preservatives Feedstocks for dyes and paints Manufacture of nylon and polyester Drug preparation
Esters are formed by
Condensation reaction between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid
What happens in a condensation reaction?
The alcohol and carboxylic acid molecules join together by the reaction of their functional groups to make water
How is an ester link formed
By the reaction of the hydroxyl group with a carboxyl group
Compare straight chain alkane to straight chain alcohol with the same number of carbon atoms
Alcohol has a higher boiling point than alkanes
Compare alcohol isomers with -OH on carbon 1 and -OH on Carbon 2
Alcohol with -OH group on the 1st carbon has a higher boiling point
Are alcohols soluble in water?
Yes As the number of carbon atoms in alcohol increases, the solubility if the alcohol in water decreases
Uses for alcohols
Alcoholic drinks Solvents Fuel Car de icers and thermometers Feedstock eg vinegar
What do alcohol names end in??
-OL