CP3(Chapter 4)

– dose/concentration at which 50% of the test species will die under specified duration of exposure

exposure in one single dose

exposure in which the dose is delivered at specified frequency over a period of time

Category of Extremely Toxic

Category of Highly Toxic

Category of Moderately Toxic

Category of Slightly Toxic

A type of pesticide that inhibits feeding, insects starve to death

A type of pesticide that reduces transpiration

A type of pesticide that lures pests to treated location (e.g. sex attractant)

A type of pesticide that removes unwanted plant growth

A type of pesticide that dries up plant parts and insects

A type of pesticide that stops, speeds up or retards growth processes of plants/insects

A type of pesticide that drives pests from treated areas without killing them

enhances the effectiveness of an active ingredient

• poison enters the pest through the mouth (feeding) and is absorbed through the digestive tract

• the poison penetrates the pest’s body as a result of contact of legs or external portions of the body on treated surfaces

• volatile poison enters through the respiratory system of the pest

– toxicant is water soluble and taken into the plant through the roots, stems and leaves and trans located throughout the plant.

–Allow the formulation to be mixed with water to form an emulsion (oil in water)

Easy to handle, transport, and store. Little agitation required. Non abrasive. Do not plug screens or to deteriorate. nozzles.

• Dissolve readily in a liquid solvent. • When mixed, forms a solution that will not settle out or separate. • Formulations of these pesticides usually contain the active ingredient, the solvent, and one or more other ingredients.

• Must be further diluted. • Mix readily, no agitation required. • Limited number of formulations.

• Pre-mixed pesticide products. • Contain active ingredient and correct amount of solvent. • No further dilution is required. • Often 1% or less of active ingredient.