Biology - Mitosis
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How do cells survive and grow? Through dividing or multiplying?
Dividing
Where is genetic information stored in cells?
In the Chromosomes
In which part of the cell will you find chromosomes?
In the nucleus
What is stored in the chromosomes of a cell?
Genetic information
What is stored in the nucleus of a cell?
Chromosomes
Describe chromosomes
Coiled up lengths of DNA molecules
In the cells of a body (or body cells), how many copies of each chromosome are found.
2
What are DIPLOID cells?
Where a cell has 2 copies of each chromosome.
What’s another name for explaining a cell that has 2 copies of each chromosome?
Diploid
In a DIPLOID cell, one copy each chromosome comes from the organisms mother and one comes from the organisms father. True or False?
True.
What is the purpose of the CELL CYCLE?
To make new cells for GROWTH and REPAIR
Explain the cell cycle?
1) Is when cells in MULTICELLULAR organisms DIVIDE to produce new cells.
Describe MITOSIS
When the cell divides in the stage of the cell cycle
The stage of the cell cycle when the cell divides is called what?
Mitosis
What is the purpose of mitosis? (2)
1) Cell growth 2) Replace damaged cells
Apart from mitosis being used for cell growth and to replace damage cells, what else can it be used for?
To reproduce - this is called ASEXUAL reproduction
Some organisms use mitosis to reproduce. What is the name given to this?
Asexual reproduction.
Describe a multicellular organism and give an example
An organism which contains many cells e.g. humans. (cells group together to form human tissue. Other examples are plants, trees, flowers, fungi, animals.
Describe a unicellular organism and give an example
An organism which only contains one cell. e.g. bacteria, protozoa, unicellular fungi.
Did you know? Even though a bacterium is just one cell (unicellular), it can carry out all seven life processes - movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion and nutrition.
Amazing!
Explain the INTERPHASE of the cell cycle (4)
1) The DNA is spread out in long strings 2) The cell makes a copy of its DNA before mitosis 3) The DNA forms X shaped chromosomes 4) The cell copies some subcellular structures (e.g. ribosomes, mitochrondria)
Name the 6 main stages of a cell cycle in order from start to finish.
1) INTERphase 2) PROphase 3) METAphase 4) ANAphase 5) TELOphase 6) CYTOKINESIS IPMATC I Picked My Apple Too Carefully
How many stages is mitosis divided into?
4
Name the 4 stages of mitosis
PROphase METAphase ANAphase TELOphase Picked My Apple Too