Forensics U2 Test Review
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (21)
Describe the differences between testimonial evidence and physical evidence & give an example of each
Testimonial Evidence- a statement made under oath, also known as direct evidence or Prima Facie. (Example: Witness) Physical Evidence- relevant objects to a crime, also known as indirect evidence. (Example: Handgun)
What questions are answered by physical evidence?
The Presence of a suspect at the crime or a link to the victim.
Transient
Temporary; Easily changed or lost; usually observed by the first officer at the scene. (Odor, Temp, Imprints/Indentions)
Pattern
Produced by direct contact between a person and an object or between two objects. (Striations, Markings, Blood splatter, Glass fractures)
Physical
Any object or material that is relevant in a crime; also known as indirect evidence. (Fingerprints, Footprints, Handwriting)
Transfer
Produced by contact between person[s] & object[s], or between person[s] and person[s]. (DNA, Blood, Broken Objects)
Associative
Something that may associate a victim or suspect with a scene or with each other. (Personal belongings, shared living, shared vehicle)
Scenario: Cotton fibers are found at a crime scene. What type of evidence are they (class or individual) and why?
Class; because the cotton fibers cannot be traced back to an origin.
List the 4 aspects of crime scene investigation:
Biological Chemical Physical Miscellaneous
Describe the difference between a primary and a secondary crime scene.
Primary- the immediate surroundings of the crime. Secondary- related to primary area but not ON the scene itself.
Can there be more than one type of primary and secondary evidence?
You can have multiple of the same type if the assailant dispersed the body in different directions/areas
What is the importance of documenting a crime scene?
For use of testimony in court to help clarify the situation in the scene in the case of reconstruction.
What determines if a specific place is a crime scene or not?
If it can be connected to the scene of the crime.
What is important to include when sketching a crime scene?
Address, Location, Case Number, Date of sketch, any sketched people, a helpful key
What are the basic rules of packaging evidence?
Place evidence in separate containers. Wet items must be dried and stored in water protected cases. Biological evidence must be kept in plastic containers and frozen. Arson evidence must be kept in airtight containers.
Give examples of the following classification of evidence: Biological
blood, semen, hair, bone, ect
Give examples of the following classification of evidence: Chemical
fibre, glass, soil, gun powder, powder, etc.
Give examples of the following classification of evidence: Physical
fingerprints, footprints, handwritings, firearms
Give examples of the following classification of evidence: Miscellaneous
voice, photo & polygraphs, stress evaluation
Blood type is considered to be class evidence. Although it may not specifically identify the suspect, explain how it still could be useful in helping to investigate a crime.
Narrows down the list of potential suspects by blood type.
What are The Seven S’s of Crime Scene Investigation
• Secure the scene, 2. Separate the witness, 3. Scan the scene, 4. See that photos are taken, 5. Sketch the scene, 6. Search for evidence, 7. Secure the collected evidence