C3.4 - Giant ionic structures
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giant lattice
a huge 3D network of atoms/ions
electrodes
a conductor through which electricity passes through the ionic compound
How are ionic lattices formed
• electrostatic forces act in all directions • very powerful attraction holds structure together • many bonds between many ions
Melting/boiling points in ionic compounds
• are very high - lots of energy is needed to overcome the bonds between the ions
How do ionic compounds conduct electricity
• when the solid ionic compound melts, the ions are free to move around • the charged particles are attracted to the oppositely charged electrodes • then they are able to carry electrical charge through the molten compound
Why can’t a solid ionic compound conduct electricity
As their ions are in a fixed position -cannot carry the charge around
How else can ionic compounds conduct electricity other than being melted
• by being dissolved • as the water molecules in the solution separate the ions in the lattice • and break their bonds • they become free
The higher the number of charges the ionic compound has …
the stronger their electrostatic forces are between the compounds -eg Al+3 has a higher electrostatic attraction with O-2 than Na+ will have