Exam 1 review chapter 5
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Bone Functions
support, protection, movement
ligaments
connect bone to bone tendons attach muscle to bone
parathyroid hormone and calcitonin
homeostasis of blood calcium concentration
Hyaline Cartilage
costal cartilage, articular cartilage, fetus
Fibrocartilage
public symphysis, menisci, intervertebral discs
elastic cartliage
ear, epiglottis
Vertebral column
cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacral vertebrae, coccygeal vertebrae
fibrous joint
immovable, between flat bones of the skull
Cartilaginous joint
slightly moveable, in joint between adjacent vertebrae (femur, tibia, coxal bone)
synovial joint
freely moveable, in bones separated by fluid-filled cavity (knee, hip)
abduction movement
away from the midline
adduction movement
towards the midline
pronation
rotation of forearm (radius over ulna)
Supination
anatomical position
medial rotation
rotation towards midline
lateral rotation
rotation away from midline
circumduction
movement of limb to describe a cone
hyperextension
increasing angle past anatomical position
Sprain
stretched or torn ligaments
bursitis
inflammation of bursea
tendinitis
inflammation of tendons
osteoarthritis
degeneration of joint cartilage and the underlying bone