Lecture 11
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Newton formulated basic principles that govern the motion of?
everything, not only on Earth but in the universe
What is Newton’s first law?
A moving object will continue moving in a straight line at a constant speed, and a stationary object will remain at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force
The first part of Newton’s first law, where an object in motion stays in motion, and an object at rest stays at rest, describes?
uniform motion
When do we see acceleration in Newton’s first law?
When something has acted to produce a change in motion
What is force?
something that produces a change in the state of motion of an object, causing acceleration
What is Newton’s second law?
The acceleration produced on a body by a force is proportional to the magnitude of the force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object
What is the formula for force?
Force = mass (kg) x acceleration (m/s^2)
The greater the force?
The greater the acceleration
The bigger an object being acted on by a given force the?
smaller the acceleration
An object’s acceleration is a balance between?
force and mass
What is the unit of force?
kg*m/s^2 = 1 Newton (N) or one egg in your palm
What is Newton’s third law?
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
Whenever a force is applied to an object that object?
Simultaneously exerts an equal and opposite force
Forces must always act?
simultaneously in pairs
One of the four fundamental forces is?
gravity
Gravity is?
an attractive force that exists between any two masses anywhere in the universe.
How did Galileo and Newton study gravity?
Galileo stuidied its quantitative properties while newton revealed its universality
Gravity is not restricted to?
the surface of the earth, but is a force found throughout the universe
What is Newton’s law of universal gravity?
Between any two objects in the universe, there is an attractive force (gravity) that is proportional to the masses of the objects and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
What is the equation for gravity?
froce of gravity (N) = gravitational constant (G =6.67 x10^-11m^3/s^2-kg) X mass1 (kg) X mass2 (kg) / [distance in meters)]^2
What is Coulomb’s law on the nature of electrical forces?
The magnitude of the electrostatic force between any two electrically charged objects is proportional to the product of their charges divided by the square of the distance between them.
Force is related to?
charge and mass, and is inversely related to distance
What is the difference between gravity and electrical force?
Gravity can never be repulsive as it always pulls two objects together, while electrical force can attract some objects toward each other and push other objects apart
Is gravity or electrical force stronger?
electrical force