Test 4 Material
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What’s an animal?
Multicellular Heterotrophic Asexual/Sexual Lacks cell wall Mobile at SOME stage of life Responsiveness
Radial symmetry
Built around a central axis. Filter feeds
Bilateral symmetry
Two sided, only one plant to divide into even sections.
Invertebrate
Water Soft tissues Exoskeleton
Vertebrate
Cartilage Bone
Ectothermic
Depends on environment to reach optimal body temperature. MOST animals
Endothermic
Depends on metabolism to reach optimal body temperature. Mammals and birds
Phylum Porifera
Sponges No tissues, cluster of different cells MOST ancestral Environmental indicator species
Type of cell in Porifera
Choanocyte
Choanocyte
“collar cells” Flagellum cause current to form and able to filter feed. Helps to clean water PROBLEM: none discriminatory
Environmental indictor species
sensitive to environmental changes
Phylum Cnidaria
Jellyfish, hydra, sea anemones, corals “Stinging fish”
Type of cell in Cnidaria
Cnidocyte
Cnidocyte
1) Trigger is hit 2) Lid pops open and water rushes in 3) Nematocyst shoots out 4) Trigger stings prey (venomous)
2 body forms for Cnidaria
Polyp Medusa
Polyp examples
Hydra and corals
Medusa example
Jellyfish
Phylum Platyhelminthes
Flatworms Planaria, Tapeworms, Flukes
Unique to Platyhelminthes
Complex organ system appears in this phylum Enlarged neuro tissue (ganglia) Gastrovascular cavity present Light sensitive organs Complex reproductive system(male and female parts present)
Type of cell in Platyhelminthes
Flame cells
Flame cells
excretory, has cilia inside that beats like a flame and excretes outside
Planaria
free living, NOT parasitic
Tapeworm
Parasitic Has a scolex that drill into intestinal wall and anchors in. Grows segments called proglottids.
Phylum Mollusca
Clams, snails, slugs, squids, octopus Variations in structure